{"id":760,"date":"2026-08-01T17:05:24","date_gmt":"2026-08-01T09:05:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vitiligo.skinmedical.com.hk\/causes\/"},"modified":"2026-08-10T14:17:54","modified_gmt":"2026-08-10T06:17:54","slug":"causes","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/vitiligo.skinmedical.com.hk\/en\/causes\/","title":{"rendered":"Vitiligo: Causes and Types"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"vce-row-container\" data-vce-boxed-width=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-row vce-row--col-gap-30 vce-row-equal-height vce-row-content--top\" id=\"el-2e72a840\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-2e72a840\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-row-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--md-66-66p vce-col--xs-1 vce-col--xs-last vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-last vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-last vce-col--lg-last vce-col--xl-last vce-col--md-first vce-col--lg-first vce-col--xl-first\" id=\"el-9d31c3c8\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-9d31c3c8\"><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-9d31c3c8\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-dcd0da55\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-dcd0da55\"><h2><span style=\"color: #808080;\">What causes vitiligo?<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-row-container\" data-vce-boxed-width=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-row vce-row--col-gap-30 vce-row-equal-height vce-row-content--top\" id=\"el-0ab9c620\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-0ab9c620\"><div class=\"vce-row-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--md-auto vce-col--xs-1 vce-col--xs-last vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-last vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-last vce-col--lg-last vce-col--xl-last vce-col--md-first vce-col--lg-first vce-col--xl-first\" id=\"el-f7193a3e\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-f7193a3e\"><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-f7193a3e\"><div class=\"vce vce-separator-container vce-separator--align-center vce-separator--style-solid\" id=\"el-7534e01f\" data-vce-do-apply=\"margin el-7534e01f\"><div class=\"vce-separator vce-separator--color-bfc0c1 vce-separator--width-100 vce-separator--thickness-1\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border padding background  el-7534e01f\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-row-container\" data-vce-boxed-width=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-row vce-row--col-gap-10 vce-row-equal-height vce-row-content--top\" id=\"el-1286e8c3\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-1286e8c3\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-row-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--md-22p vce-col--xs-1 vce-col--xs-last vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-last vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-first vce-col--lg-first vce-col--xl-first\" id=\"el-53a74e7d\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-53a74e7d\"><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-53a74e7d\"><div class=\"vce-single-image-container vce-single-image--align-center\"><div class=\"vce vce-single-image-wrapper\" id=\"el-dc3f3497\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-dc3f3497\"><figure><div class=\"vce-single-image-figure-inner\" style=\"width: 225px;\"><div class=\"vce-single-image-inner vce-single-image--absolute\" style=\"width: 100%; padding-bottom: 100%;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"vce-single-image\"  width=\"225\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vitiligo.skinmedical.com.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/photo-1598255417985-3f503fc36f0e-e1626416735348-225x225.jpg 225w\" src=\"https:\/\/vitiligo.skinmedical.com.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/photo-1598255417985-3f503fc36f0e-e1626416735348-225x225.jpg\" data-img-src=\"https:\/\/vitiligo.skinmedical.com.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/photo-1598255417985-3f503fc36f0e-e1626416735348.jpg\" data-attachment-id=\"79\"  alt=\"\" title=\"\" \/><\/div><\/div><figcaption hidden=\"\"><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--md-78p vce-col--xs-1 vce-col--xs-last vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-last vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-last vce-col--lg-last vce-col--xl-last\" id=\"el-68a1b4dd\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-68a1b4dd\"><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-68a1b4dd\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-cf941773\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-cf941773\"><h3><span style=\"color: #756464;\">Vitiligo is multifactorial. No single cause explains it.<\/span><\/h3><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-da597029\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-da597029\"><p><span style=\"color: #756464;\"><strong>Genetic susceptibility<\/strong>. Around 20% of patients have an affected relative. More than 50 susceptibility loci have been identified, most involving immune regulation. Inheritance is not straightforward \u2014 having a parent with vitiligo raises risk but does not make it inevitable.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #756464;\"><strong>Autoimmunity<\/strong>. The dominant mechanism, as described above.<br><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #756464;\"><span style=\"color: #756464;\"><strong>Oxidative stress.<\/strong> Melanocytes in vitiligo handle oxidative stress poorly, which may be the trigger that exposes them to immune attack.<\/span><br><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #756464;\"><span style=\"color: #756464;\"><strong>Trigger events.<\/strong> Physical trauma, sunburn, friction, chemical exposure (phenols in some hair dyes, adhesives, industrial rubber), severe illness or major psychological stress can precede onset.<\/span><br><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #756464;\"><span style=\"color: #756464;\"><strong>Koebner phenomenon.<\/strong> New patches appearing at sites of injury \u2014 a scratch, a burn, a surgical scar, or persistent friction from a belt or bra strap. Its presence indicates the disease is currently active.<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-row-container\" data-vce-boxed-width=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-row vce-row--col-gap-30 vce-row-equal-height vce-row-content--top\" id=\"el-4823a121\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-4823a121\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-row-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--md-auto vce-col--xs-1 vce-col--xs-last vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-last vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-last vce-col--lg-last vce-col--xl-last vce-col--md-first vce-col--lg-first vce-col--xl-first\" id=\"el-08239cef\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-08239cef\"><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-08239cef\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-db9bd7c6\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-db9bd7c6\"><h4 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #756464;\">Types of vitiligo<\/span><\/h4><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-ed6279ba\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-ed6279ba\"><p><span style=\"color: #756464;\">Classification matters because it determines treatment and prognosis. The framework below follows the Vitiligo Global Issues Consensus Conference.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-row-container\" data-vce-boxed-width=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-row vce-row--has-col-background vce-row--col-gap-0 vce-row-equal-height vce-row-content--middle\" id=\"el-4c5fb8c7\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-4c5fb8c7\"><div class=\"vce-row-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-col vce-element--has-background vce-col--md-auto vce-col--xs-1 vce-col--xs-last vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-last vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-first vce-col--lg-first vce-col--xl-first\" id=\"el-dc4b376b\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-dc4b376b\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-dc4b376b\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-e47abfbb\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-e47abfbb\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Type<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--md-auto vce-col--xs-1 vce-col--xs-last vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-last vce-col--sm-first\" id=\"el-26a0509a\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-26a0509a\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-26a0509a\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-aeb7e598\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-aeb7e598\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Features<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--md-auto vce-col--xs-1 vce-col--xs-last vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-last vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-last vce-col--lg-last vce-col--xl-last\" id=\"el-71397f85\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-71397f85\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-71397f85\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-6b5593d5\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-6b5593d5\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Typical course<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-row-container\" data-vce-boxed-width=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-row vce-row--col-gap-0 vce-row-equal-height vce-row-content--middle\" id=\"el-d204f419\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-d204f419\"><div class=\"vce-row-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-100p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-last vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-100p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-last vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--md-first vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--lg-first vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible vce-col--xl-first\" id=\"el-25968ca7\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-25968ca7\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-25968ca7\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-2f5770a3\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-2f5770a3\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u985e\u578b<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-100p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-last vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-100p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-last vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible\" id=\"el-07f6cd88\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-07f6cd88\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-07f6cd88\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-195caa19\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-195caa19\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Non-segmental (NSV)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-50p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-50p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible\" id=\"el-adf166cc\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-adf166cc\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-adf166cc\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-2be78b4b\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-2be78b4b\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u7279\u5fb5<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-50p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-last vce-col--sm-50p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-last vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible\" id=\"el-6130e3a5\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-6130e3a5\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-6130e3a5\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-518dded5\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-518dded5\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u75c5\u7a0b<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-50p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-50p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible\" id=\"el-981cbc9b\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-981cbc9b\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-981cbc9b\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-ddc0fe4c\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-ddc0fe4c\"><p style=\"text-align: center; font-family: 'Microsoft JhengHei',sans-serif;\">About 85% of cases. Symmetrical, both sides of the body. Favours the face, hands, elbows, knees, feet, genital area.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-50p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-last vce-col--sm-50p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-last vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--md-last vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--lg-last vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible vce-col--xl-last\" id=\"el-de0939a8\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-de0939a8\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-de0939a8\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-50b4ec0c\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-50b4ec0c\"><p style=\"text-align: center; font-family: 'Microsoft JhengHei',sans-serif;\">Unpredictable. May be stable for years then flare. Best response to medical treatment.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-row-container\" data-vce-boxed-width=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-row vce-row--col-gap-0 vce-row-equal-height vce-row-content--middle\" id=\"el-1701a4bc\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-1701a4bc\"><div class=\"vce-row-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-100p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-last vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-100p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-last vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--md-first vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--lg-first vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible vce-col--xl-first\" id=\"el-9a2cd009\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-9a2cd009\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-9a2cd009\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-15aa0d98\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-15aa0d98\"><p style=\"text-align: center; font-family: 'Microsoft JhengHei',sans-serif;\">Acrofacial<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-50p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-50p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible\" id=\"el-aa61663c\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-aa61663c\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-aa61663c\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-35259d44\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-35259d44\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u7279\u5fb5<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-50p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-last vce-col--sm-50p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-last vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible\" id=\"el-d65162fe\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-d65162fe\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-d65162fe\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-1ed217a8\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-1ed217a8\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u75c5\u7a0b<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-50p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-50p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible\" id=\"el-40a464cc\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-40a464cc\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-40a464cc\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-34547907\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-34547907\"><p style=\"text-align: center; font-family: 'Microsoft JhengHei',sans-serif;\">Around the eyes and mouth, fingers, toes<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-50p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-last vce-col--sm-50p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-last vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--md-last vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--lg-last vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible vce-col--xl-last\" id=\"el-d5977b5b\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-d5977b5b\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-d5977b5b\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-b480d274\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-b480d274\"><p style=\"text-align: center; font-family: 'Microsoft JhengHei',sans-serif;\">Facial areas respond well; fingers and toes are stubborn<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-row-container\" data-vce-boxed-width=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-row vce-row--col-gap-0 vce-row-equal-height vce-row-content--middle\" id=\"el-aa62b5a6\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-aa62b5a6\"><div class=\"vce-row-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-100p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-last vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-100p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-last vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--md-first vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--lg-first vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible vce-col--xl-first\" id=\"el-954eb9f4\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-954eb9f4\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-954eb9f4\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-5f0b2b65\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-5f0b2b65\"><p style=\"text-align: center; font-family: 'Microsoft JhengHei',sans-serif;\">Generalised (vulgaris)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-50p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-50p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible\" id=\"el-65c1da6a\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-65c1da6a\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-65c1da6a\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-03915c56\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-03915c56\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u7279\u5fb5<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-50p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-last vce-col--sm-50p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-last vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible\" id=\"el-84e2a503\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-84e2a503\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-84e2a503\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-49a1c2c2\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-49a1c2c2\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u75c5\u7a0b<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-50p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-50p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible\" id=\"el-171186d6\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-171186d6\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-171186d6\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-0be7427b\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-0be7427b\"><p style=\"text-align: center; font-family: 'Microsoft JhengHei',sans-serif;\">Widespread scattered patches<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-50p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-last vce-col--sm-50p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-last vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--md-last vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--lg-last vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible vce-col--xl-last\" id=\"el-ee0de36e\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-ee0de36e\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-ee0de36e\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-bc518f69\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-bc518f69\"><p style=\"text-align: center; font-family: 'Microsoft JhengHei',sans-serif;\">The commonest presentation<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-row-container\" data-vce-boxed-width=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-row vce-row--col-gap-0 vce-row-equal-height vce-row-content--middle\" id=\"el-b7ed89cc\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-b7ed89cc\"><div class=\"vce-row-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-100p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-last vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-100p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-last vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--md-first vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--lg-first vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible vce-col--xl-first\" id=\"el-242f4cac\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-242f4cac\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-242f4cac\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-e39bace6\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-e39bace6\"><p style=\"text-align: center; font-family: 'Microsoft JhengHei',sans-serif;\">Universal<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-50p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-50p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible\" id=\"el-24d2c56f\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-24d2c56f\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-24d2c56f\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-6588a920\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-6588a920\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u7279\u5fb5<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-50p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-last vce-col--sm-50p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-last vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible\" id=\"el-88de8c97\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-88de8c97\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-88de8c97\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-eabd733e\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-eabd733e\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u75c5\u7a0b<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-50p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-50p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible\" id=\"el-e9e303ba\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-e9e303ba\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-e9e303ba\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-0a8aa814\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-0a8aa814\"><p style=\"text-align: center; font-family: 'Microsoft JhengHei',sans-serif;\">More than 80% of the body surface<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-50p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-last vce-col--sm-50p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-last vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--md-last vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--lg-last vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible vce-col--xl-last\" id=\"el-f8e9aaa1\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-f8e9aaa1\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-f8e9aaa1\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-0805a1fd\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-0805a1fd\"><p style=\"text-align: center; font-family: 'Microsoft JhengHei',sans-serif;\">Rare; depigmentation may be considered<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-row-container\" data-vce-boxed-width=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-row vce-row--col-gap-0 vce-row-equal-height vce-row-content--middle\" id=\"el-2ec055b1\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-2ec055b1\"><div class=\"vce-row-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-100p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-last vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-100p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-last vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--md-first vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--lg-first vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible vce-col--xl-first\" id=\"el-302744c4\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-302744c4\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-302744c4\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-1f605b31\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-1f605b31\"><p style=\"text-align: center; font-family: 'Microsoft JhengHei',sans-serif;\">Mucosal<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-50p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-50p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible\" id=\"el-cebdb59e\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-cebdb59e\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-cebdb59e\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-37fe51fc\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-37fe51fc\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u7279\u5fb5<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-50p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-last vce-col--sm-50p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-last vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible\" id=\"el-2de83d56\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-2de83d56\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-2de83d56\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-f9d01229\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-f9d01229\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u75c5\u7a0b<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-50p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-50p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible\" id=\"el-dbf6e38b\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-dbf6e38b\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-dbf6e38b\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-732350cc\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-732350cc\"><p style=\"text-align: center; font-family: 'Microsoft JhengHei',sans-serif;\">Lips and genital mucosa<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-50p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-last vce-col--sm-50p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-last vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--md-last vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--lg-last vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible vce-col--xl-last\" id=\"el-64fef6ff\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-64fef6ff\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-64fef6ff\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-02579fee\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-02579fee\"><p style=\"text-align: center; font-family: 'Microsoft JhengHei',sans-serif;\">Often resistant<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-row-container\" data-vce-boxed-width=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-row vce-row--col-gap-0 vce-row-equal-height vce-row-content--middle\" id=\"el-bdb88c02\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-bdb88c02\"><div class=\"vce-row-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-100p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-last vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-100p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-last vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--md-first vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--lg-first vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible vce-col--xl-first\" id=\"el-2721d143\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-2721d143\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-2721d143\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-e0d46b0f\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-e0d46b0f\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u985e\u578b<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-100p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-last vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-100p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-last vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible\" id=\"el-511f695b\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-511f695b\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-511f695b\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-2134c087\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-2134c087\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Segmental (SV)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-50p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-50p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible\" id=\"el-1bba5553\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-1bba5553\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-1bba5553\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-bceeaaea\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-bceeaaea\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u7279\u5fb5<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-50p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-last vce-col--sm-50p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-last vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible\" id=\"el-0ce9056d\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-0ce9056d\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-0ce9056d\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-4e3b73e5\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-4e3b73e5\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u75c5\u7a0b<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-50p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-50p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible\" id=\"el-36f7c5e8\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-36f7c5e8\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-36f7c5e8\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-c0fa7092\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-c0fa7092\"><p style=\"text-align: center; font-family: 'Microsoft JhengHei',sans-serif;\">5\u201316% of cases. One-sided, does not cross the midline, follows a band-like distribution. Younger onset. White hairs appear early.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-50p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-last vce-col--sm-50p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-last vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--md-last vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--lg-last vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible vce-col--xl-last\" id=\"el-63c6daec\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-63c6daec\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-63c6daec\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-ceaa5739\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-ceaa5739\"><p style=\"text-align: center; font-family: 'Microsoft JhengHei',sans-serif;\">Spreads for 6\u201324 months, then stops permanently. Poor response to medical treatment, excellent response to surgery.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-row-container\" data-vce-boxed-width=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-row vce-row--col-gap-0 vce-row-equal-height vce-row-content--top\" id=\"el-b71e4416\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-b71e4416\"><div class=\"vce-row-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-100p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-last vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-100p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-last vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--md-first vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--lg-first vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible vce-col--xl-first\" id=\"el-44f638af\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-44f638af\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-44f638af\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-002393fa\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-002393fa\"><p style=\"text-align: center; font-family: 'Microsoft JhengHei',sans-serif;\">Mixed<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-50p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-50p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible\" id=\"el-4c604367\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-4c604367\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-4c604367\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-eba3efa5\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-eba3efa5\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u7279\u5fb5<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-50p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-last vce-col--sm-50p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-last vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible\" id=\"el-d2d5e1f6\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-d2d5e1f6\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-d2d5e1f6\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-3170aee5\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-3170aee5\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u75c5\u7a0b<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-50p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-50p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible\" id=\"el-7b31b043\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-7b31b043\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-7b31b043\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-458eab78\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-458eab78\"><p style=\"text-align: center; font-family: 'Microsoft JhengHei',sans-serif;\">Segmental plus non-segmental in the same person<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-50p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-last vce-col--sm-50p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-last vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--md-last vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--lg-last vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible vce-col--xl-last\" id=\"el-366952ac\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-366952ac\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-366952ac\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-0f5f1a91\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-0f5f1a91\"><p style=\"text-align: center; font-family: 'Microsoft JhengHei',sans-serif;\">Treated as non-segmental<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-row-container\" data-vce-boxed-width=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-row vce-row--col-gap-0 vce-row-equal-height vce-row-content--middle\" id=\"el-c7a3d6ed\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-c7a3d6ed\"><div class=\"vce-row-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-100p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-last vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-100p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-last vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--md-first vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--lg-first vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible vce-col--xl-first\" id=\"el-7872c216\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-7872c216\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-7872c216\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-f2b788aa\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-f2b788aa\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u985e\u578b<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-100p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-last vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-100p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-last vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible\" id=\"el-37eb48be\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-37eb48be\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-37eb48be\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-d4932089\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-d4932089\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Focal \/ undetermined<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-50p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-50p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible\" id=\"el-e266f255\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-e266f255\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-e266f255\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-2fa634e1\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-2fa634e1\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u7279\u5fb5<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-50p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-last vce-col--sm-50p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-last vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible\" id=\"el-c9052335\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-c9052335\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-c9052335\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-43f19f9e\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-43f19f9e\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u75c5\u7a0b<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-50p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-50p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible\" id=\"el-f863e6bd\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-f863e6bd\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-f863e6bd\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-b2f9ce33\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-b2f9ce33\"><p style=\"text-align: center; font-family: 'Microsoft JhengHei',sans-serif;\">A small isolated patch not fitting either pattern after 1\u20132 years<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--xs-50p vce-col--xs-visible vce-col--xs-last vce-col--sm-50p vce-col--sm-visible vce-col--sm-last vce-col--md-auto vce-col--md-visible vce-col--md-last vce-col--lg-auto vce-col--lg-visible vce-col--lg-last vce-col--xl-auto vce-col--xl-visible vce-col--xl-last\" id=\"el-fe9b7d83\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-fe9b7d83\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-fe9b7d83\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-14c89cb1\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-14c89cb1\"><p style=\"text-align: center; font-family: 'Microsoft JhengHei',sans-serif;\">May remain static or evolve<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-row-container\" data-vce-boxed-width=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-row vce-row--col-gap-30 vce-row-equal-height vce-row-content--top\" id=\"el-9108618e\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-9108618e\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-row-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--md-auto vce-col--xs-1 vce-col--xs-last vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-last vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-last vce-col--lg-last vce-col--xl-last vce-col--md-first vce-col--lg-first vce-col--xl-first\" id=\"el-200d4943\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-200d4943\"><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-200d4943\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-454d0c7a\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-454d0c7a\"><p><span style=\"color: #756464;\">Non-segmental vitiligo, the most common form, is marked by symmetrical and bilateral depigmented white patches and is prone to unpredictable progression even after long periods of stability.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #756464;\"><strong>The second axis is activity: <\/strong>is it currently spreading or not? This changes management more than anything else. Signs of active disease include confetti-like tiny white dots, trichrome lesions (a shaded intermediate zone at the edge), poorly defined or inflamed borders, and new patches at sites of injury. Active disease needs stabilising first. Stable disease can proceed directly to repigmentation or grafting.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-row-container\" data-vce-boxed-width=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-row vce-row--col-gap-30 vce-row-equal-height vce-row-content--top\" id=\"el-8b18fd31\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-8b18fd31\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-row-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--md-auto vce-col--xs-1 vce-col--xs-last vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-last vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-last vce-col--lg-last vce-col--xl-last vce-col--md-first vce-col--lg-first vce-col--xl-first\" id=\"el-09f10e57\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-09f10e57\"><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-09f10e57\"><div class=\"vce-single-image-container vce-single-image--align-center\"><div class=\"vce vce-single-image-wrapper\" id=\"el-5115c363\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-5115c363\"><figure><div class=\"vce-single-image-figure-inner\" style=\"width: 1024px;\"><div class=\"vce-single-image-inner vce-single-image--absolute\" style=\"width: 100%; padding-bottom: 50.7812%;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"vce-single-image\"  width=\"1024\" height=\"520\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vitiligo.skinmedical.com.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/vitiligo_classification-1024x521.png 1024w, https:\/\/vitiligo.skinmedical.com.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/vitiligo_classification-2048x1041.png 2x, https:\/\/vitiligo.skinmedical.com.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/vitiligo_classification-320x163.png 320w, https:\/\/vitiligo.skinmedical.com.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/vitiligo_classification-480x244.png 480w, https:\/\/vitiligo.skinmedical.com.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/vitiligo_classification-800x406.png 800w\" src=\"https:\/\/vitiligo.skinmedical.com.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/vitiligo_classification-1024x521.png\" data-img-src=\"https:\/\/vitiligo.skinmedical.com.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/vitiligo_classification.png\" data-attachment-id=\"82\"  alt=\"\" title=\"vitiligo_classification\" \/><\/div><\/div><figcaption hidden=\"\"><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vce-row-container\" data-vce-boxed-width=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-row vce-row--col-gap-30 vce-row-equal-height vce-row-content--top\" id=\"el-23d81551\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-23d81551\"><div class=\"vce-content-background-container\"><\/div><div class=\"vce-row-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\"><div class=\"vce-col vce-col--md-auto vce-col--xs-1 vce-col--xs-last vce-col--xs-first vce-col--sm-last vce-col--sm-first vce-col--md-last vce-col--lg-last vce-col--xl-last vce-col--md-first vce-col--lg-first vce-col--xl-first\" id=\"el-d9ca5832\"><div class=\"vce-col-inner\" data-vce-do-apply=\"border margin background  el-d9ca5832\"><div class=\"vce-col-content\" data-vce-element-content=\"true\" data-vce-do-apply=\"padding el-d9ca5832\"><div class=\"vce-text-block\"><div class=\"vce-text-block-wrapper vce\" id=\"el-70c86234\" data-vce-do-apply=\"all el-70c86234\"><p><span style=\"line-height: inherit;\"><span style=\"color: #756464; font-size: 12pt;\">Reference:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol>\n \t<span style=\"line-height: inherit;\"><span style=\"color: #756464; font-size: 12pt;\">\n<li><span style=\"line-height: inherit;\"><span style=\"color: #756464; font-size: 12pt;\"> Ezzedine K, et al. Revised classification\/nomenclature of vitiligo. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 2012 \u2014 VGICC consensus, basis of the classification section.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"line-height: inherit;\"><span style=\"color: #756464; font-size: 12pt;\">Eleftheriadou V, et al. British Association of Dermatologists guidelines for the management of people with vitiligo. Br J Dermatol. 2022.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"line-height: inherit;\"><span style=\"color: #756464; font-size: 12pt;\">Seneschal J, Ta\u00efeb A, et al. European Dermatology Forum \/ EADV vitiligo guideline (most recent update).<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"line-height: inherit;\"><span style=\"color: #756464; font-size: 12pt;\">Rosmarin D, et al. Two Phase 3, Randomized, Controlled Trials of Ruxolitinib Cream for Vitiligo. N Engl J Med. 2022 \u2014 TRuE-V1 and TRuE-V2.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"line-height: inherit;\"><span style=\"color: #756464; font-size: 12pt;\">Passeron T, Prajapati V, Sivamani R, et al. Efficacy and safety of upadacitinib in adolescents and adults for treatment of non-segmental vitiligo: results of two phase 3 studies (Viti-Up). Presented at the 2026 American Academy of Dermatology Annual Meeting, March 27\u201331, 2026, Denver, CO.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"line-height: inherit;\"><span style=\"color: #756464; font-size: 12pt;\">China Medical System Holdings. New Drug Application of ruxolitinib phosphate cream for vitiligo approved by the Pharmacy &amp; Poisons Board of Hong Kong, 4 November 2024.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"line-height: inherit;\"><span style=\"color: #756464; font-size: 12pt;\">Cavali\u00e9 M, et al. Maintenance therapy of adult vitiligo with 0.1% tacrolimus ointment: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Invest Dermatol. 2015.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"line-height: inherit;\"><span style=\"color: #756464; font-size: 12pt;\">Bae JM, et al. Phototherapy for vitiligo: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Dermatol. 2017.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"line-height: inherit;\"><span style=\"color: #756464; font-size: 12pt;\">Middelkamp-Hup MA, et al. Treatment of vitiligo vulgaris with narrow-band UVB and oral Polypodium leucotomos extract: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2007.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"line-height: inherit;\"><span style=\"color: #756464; font-size: 12pt;\">Hong Kong Drug Office, Department of Health \u2014 search the local registration status of any medicine mentioned.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<p>\n<\/p><\/span><\/span><\/ol>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What causes vitiligo? Vitiligo is multifactorial. No single cause explains it.Genetic susceptibility. Around 20% of patients have an affected relative. More than 50 susceptibility loci have been identified, most involving immune regulation. Inheritance is not straightforward \u2014 having a parent with vitiligo raises risk but does not make it inevitable.Autoimmunity. The dominant mechanism, as described&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/vitiligo.skinmedical.com.hk\/en\/causes\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Vitiligo: Causes and Types<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-760","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Vitiligo: Causes and Types - Vitiligo \u767d\u8755\u6cbb\u7642<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u767d\u8755\u6210\u56e0\u70ba\u591a\u91cd\u56e0\u7d20, \u4e26\u7121\u55ae\u4e00\u539f\u56e0, \u5305\u62ec: \u907a\u50b3\u6613\u611f\u6027, \u81ea\u8eab\u514d\u75ab, \u6c27\u5316\u58d3\u529b, \u8a98\u767c\u56e0\u7d20, \u540c\u5f62\u53cd\u61c9(Koebner \u73fe\u8c61) \u7b49\u3002\u767d\u8755\u7684\u5206\u985e\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u97ff\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6848\u8207\u9810\u5f8c, \u4f9d\u7167 Vitiligo Global Issues Consensus Conference \u7684\u570b\u969b\u5171\u8b58\u6846\u67b6...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/vitiligo.skinmedical.com.hk\/en\/causes\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Vitiligo: Causes and Types - 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