白蝕
白蝕影響著全球0.1-2％約7000萬人口; 研究發現約80%的白蝕與基因遺傳(genetic factors)有關; 其餘20%可綜合歸因於環境或其他因素。
白蝕 (又稱白斑病/白癜風) 是一種無傳染性(non-contagious)的自體免疫系統疾病(autoimmune disease), 亦即是說我們本身的免疫系統錯誤地以為皮膚的黑色素細胞 (melanocytes)是敵人, 黑色素(melanin) 因而漸漸減少, 令皮膚各處出現白色斑點。大多數都在年輕時發病。白蝕多在臉、頸和頭出現; 但也能在手、眼耳口鼻旁、乳頭和性器官找到。如頭部出現白蝕, 其毛髮也會變為白色。白蝕對患者非常困擾, 因為顏色不均, 令自信心大減。加上有些不知者會誤以為此病有傳染性, 對患者避不見面, 增加患者的自尊心受創。
2011年 Vitiligo Global Issues Consensus Conference國際認可組織將白蝕(Vitiligo, V) 泛指為Non-segmental vitiligo (NSV)的多個種類; 而Segmental vitiligo(SV) 則分別出來有別於普遍性的白蝕。將V/NSV 和SV 分別開來有重要的意義, 因為它們的成因, 治療方法, 和評估白斑發展的預期都有不同。
Reference:
Bergqvist C, Ezzedine K. Vitiligo: A focus on pathogenesis and its therapeutic implications. J Dermatol. 2021 Mar; 48(3):252-270.
Mohammad TF, Al-Jamal M, Hamzavi IH, et al. The Vitiligo Working Group recommendations for narrowband ultraviolet B light phototherapy treatment of vitiligo. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2017;76:879–888.
Global Vitiligo Foundation (GVF)(formerly Vitiligo Working Group) - https://globalvitiligofoundation.org/
The NHS website - https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/vitiligo/
Vitiligo Society UK - https://vitiligosociety.org/
The American Vitiligo Research Foundation, Inc.(AVRF) - https://www.avrf.org/
National Vitiligo Bond Inc Foundation - http://vitiligobond.org/
Bergqvist C, Ezzedine K. Vitiligo: A focus on pathogenesis and its therapeutic implications. J Dermatol. 2021 Mar; 48(3):252-270.
Mohammad TF, Al-Jamal M, Hamzavi IH, et al. The Vitiligo Working Group recommendations for narrowband ultraviolet B light phototherapy treatment of vitiligo. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2017;76:879–888.
Global Vitiligo Foundation (GVF)(formerly Vitiligo Working Group) - https://globalvitiligofoundation.org/
The NHS website - https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/vitiligo/
Vitiligo Society UK - https://vitiligosociety.org/
The American Vitiligo Research Foundation, Inc.(AVRF) - https://www.avrf.org/
National Vitiligo Bond Inc Foundation - http://vitiligobond.org/